Renal function tests in hypertensive patients using atenolol

Abstract

Hypertension is strongly  associated  with functional  and structural abnormalities   that  damage the kidneys,  and other organs  and lead to premature  morbidity   and death. This research is to study the renal function  tests in hypertensive   patients  using Atenolol  and comparing  the results with  that in newly  diagnosed  untreated  hypertensive patient.  In addition  comparing  these results  with that  of apparently  normal residents  living in Mosul  as a control.

Eighty  essential  hypertensive  patients  were  included  in this study. They were  divided into two  groups,  the first group  included  50 patients  (called  Group A), with  ages ranged  from 38 - 65 years with a mean of 49.86 + 7.02 years, all were used Atenolol as antihypertensive mono therapy. The second  group included  30 patients of newly diagnosed  untreated hypertensive   patients  (called  Group B), with  ages ranged  from 36-57 years with  a mean  of 44.9 years. A third group was the control  group (called Group C), consisted  of 30 normotensive subjects with ages ranged from 35-58 years with a mean of 45.9 years. The biochemical   investigations   carried  were the renal  function  tests including  serum; urea, creatinine,  creatinine   clearance,  uric acid, sodium  and potassium  in addition  to urine microalbuminuria.

A comparison  between  the means  of serum  urea in Group B with  Group C showed  a | significant increase. In addition,  there was a significant increase in serum  uric acid in Group B in comparison with Group  C. Moreover, MA level was significantly   higher in Groups A and B when compared with Group C or when compared  with each other. The dose of Atenolol showed a significant  increase  for MA  with increased  dose. The duration  of treatment also showed a significant  increase  for MA  with increased  duration  of treatment. In addition,  age also causes a significant  increase  in MA   with  advanced  ages  and a decreased Crcl  in Group A.

The overall  analysis  of the renal function  tests indicate  that Atenolol although has a mild undesirable effects on renal functions  but it has a negative effect  on protein excretion, Moreover, untreated hypertensive   patients showed  more signs  of undesirable effects of kidney function tests than treated  patients with  Atenolol specially in its effect  on MA excretion.