Assessment of miRNA-99a-5p, LOC100294145, and Interleukin-27 Levels Before and After Pentostam Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Children

Abstract

Background: In patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis, MicroRNAs modulate immune response pathways both before and after treatment.

Objective: The study objective to evaluate the level of IL27 and relative gene expression of miR-99a-5p and gene expression LOC100294145pre and post treatment with Pentostam.

 Materials and Methods: A total of 60 volunteers participated in this study; 30 had cutaneous leishmaniasis and were examined both pre and post therapy, while the remaining 30 individuals as a control group. ELISA was used to measure the amount of IL27, and qRT-PCR was used to quantify the gene expression of miR-99a-5p and LOC100294145.

Results:  According to the current study's findings, the control group's relative The control group's miR-99a-5 expression was substantially greater than that of the patient's two groups (pre, p=0.001 and post, p=0.001, respectively). Comparing the control group to the patient groups both before and after therapy, the level of IL27 increased significantly (pre, p=0.001 and post, p=0.004, respectively). The differences in gene expression levels of LOC100294145 between study groups were not statistically significant. The slight change after treatment may highlight the possibility that this gene has an immunological role in the response to treatment.

Conclusion : The study results indicate that IL-27 and miR-99a-5p are effective diagnostic indicators for cutaneous leishmaniasis, as they showed significant differences between patients and the control group, while they were not significantly affected by treatment. The LOC100294145-LncRNA gene did not show significant differences, warranting further studies to determine its potential role in the immune response to the disease.