Marriage variables relation to abnormal cervical Pap smears results in Nineveh governorate patient's women

Abstract

Background  The  cervical  Pap  smear  test  is  a  standard  screening  procedure  used  for cervical cytology testing for the diagnosis of premalignant and malignant cervical lesions 
.The risk factors for cervical cancer are early age at first intercourse, multiple sexual partners, nutritional status, hormonal changes, parity, host immune status, smoking, viral oncogenic Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) types and coinfection with other viruses such as human immunedeficiency virus-1 and herpes simplex 
virus. Aim: is to study the relation of some of the marriage variants as risk factors for cervical cancer with abnormal Pap smears results for women in Nineveh governorate. Materials and Methods:  A cross-sectional study  was carried out on patients' women attended the Obstetric and Gynecological Mosul Hospitals for the period from June 2013 through June 2014, after the collection of data through direct meeting and a questionnaire comprising patients' characteristics and the results of Pap smear.  Five hundred fifty one  Pap smears were collected from women between the ages of 11 and 76 years. The personal characteristics of women included the mean age at 1st marriage which was 18.9 years; 18.8 years mean age of duration of marriage, and mean age at 1st delivery as 20.3 years. Other features included the sequences among wives or husbands which were found to be higher in 1st sequence (who had one husband or those who her husbands never had another wife): 464, 84.21% and 508, 92.20% respectively.
Results: abnormal Pap smears were 99/551(17.97%). A significant relation were observed between abnormal Pap smear in highest percentage at age (25-45) years 51.52% (P=0.032), and  mean  age  at  early  forty  41.6±  12.21(P=0.002).  The  highest  rate  of  women  with epithelial abnormal Pap smears results were  1st sequence among wives  and husbands (79.80% and 91.92% respectively). The mean ± SD of women with epithelial abnormal Pap smears were 18.3 ± 4.66 years of age at 1st marriage, and 19.7 ± 4.90 years of age at 1st delivery. Non-significant relation was detected between abnormal Pap smears and each of (the sequence among wives or husbands, age at 1st marriage, and at 1st delivery). Mean ± SD of women with epithelial abnormal Pap smears results were 21.1 ± 12.41years of duration of marriage, and there was significant effect for duration of marriage by using the same test between the two mean ages (P=0.028).
Conclusion: the age, and duration of marriage were strongly related to abnormal cervical Pap smear results, while age at 1st marriage , 1st delivery , sequence among wives or  husbands  were  not  related  with  epithelial  abnormal  cervical  Pap  smear  in  Nineveh governorate women.