Experience in Al-Elwia Pediatric Teaching Hospital Caused by Ingesting Raw or Cocked Fava-beans

Abstract

Background: G6PD deficiency very common disease in our country with variable presentation (mysterious disease) with ingestion of fava beans was the most common cause.
Patient&method: Prospective study involving One-Handered Twenty Three cases of patient who were admitted to Emergency Room in AL-Elwia Pediatric Teaching Hospital and were diagnosed as G6PD deficiency between the 1* of February 2016 and 31% of May 2016.
Results:   One  Handered-One   were  males  and  Twenty-Two  were  females,  , 66.7% were due to ingestion of raw fava beans and 33.3% were due to ingestion  of cooked fava beans. Negative family history of hemolysis was found in 56.9% and only 4.1% had positive drug history without fava beans  ingestion.Pallor  and jaundice  with dark urine were the commonest  presenting  features.Hematocrit  level was < 20 in 83.8%. Blood  film  showed  normochromic   normocytic  anemia  in  95.9%,  blister  cells  in 86.2%    and    fragmented     cells    in    11.4%,    and    2.4%    of    patients     showed spherocyte.Significant        reticulocytosis      ~was     seen      only     in      84.6%      of patients.Hyperbilirubinemia    was  universal  in all the  cases  and  renal  function  was normal  in all cases.Some  patient  need more than  one time blood transfusion.G6PD enzyme  was deficient  early in 76.4%  of cases. All  the patients  recovered  well after intravenous fluid or blood transfusion.There  is No Death  .
Conclusion:Boys were more affected than girls in terms of presentation and severity and intoxication with raw fava beans were more dangerous than cooked beans. Blood transfusion is the most used therapeutic measure