Prevalence of The Viral Hepatitis B Infection in Al- Jamhoori Teaching Hospital in Mosul- district - Iraq

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most prevalent of the hepatitis viruses that cause chronic liver infections in humans, and it is a major public health concern worldwide. It is transmitted through blood, unprotected sex, shared or re-used needles, and from an infected mother to her newborn baby during pregnancy or delivery. Objective(s): Examine the quality of life related to health among patients with chronic viral hepatitis B, as  well as to define the relationship between the quality of life associated with health and the demographic characteristics of patients. 
Methodology: A descriptive quantitative analysis  was performed between January 2020 and December 2020 in Al- Jamhoori teaching hospital in the city of Mosul, anon likelihood (purpose sample) of (69) persons with chronic viral hepatitis B who were follow-up clients in Al- Jamhoori Teaching Hospital. Data were collected using a semi- constructed questionnaire consisting of three parts of the demographic data form, the elements of the medical information, and the major quality of life domains comprising six main domains: physical, psychological, freedom level, social, environmental and spiritual.  A  panel  of  experts  in  various  specialties  determined  the  validity  of  the content. Usage of the test-retest system in the pilot study determined the reliability of the instrument. Data is objectively described and evaluated using the procedures of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. 
Results: The study found that chronic viral hepatitis B occurs more frequently in individuals  in  urban-suburban  areas  were  (87.18%)  than  in  rural  areas  (12.82%). Chronic  viral  hepatitis  B  is  more  prevalent  in  males  (81.54%)  than  in  females (38.46%). chronic viral hepatitis B is more prevalent in married (21.85%) than in unmarried,  chronic  viral  hepatitis  B  is  more  prevalent  in  housewife  women  were (33.33%) than another woman, chronic viral hepatitis B is more prevalent in low-level education (25.64%) than others. The incidence also increases with the increase in the number of hospital visits (89.74%). The low living situation also shows an increase in hepatitis B infection (64.10%). 
Conclusion: The study concluded that chronic viral hepatitis B occurs more frequently in individuals in urban-suburban areas than in rural areas. Chronic viral hepatitis B is more prevalent in males than in females, chronic viral hepatitis B is more prevalent in married than in unmarried, chronic viral hepatitis B is more prevalent in housewife women than other women, chronic viral hepatitis B is more prevalent in low-level education than others. The incidence also increases with the increase in the number of hospital visits. The low living situation also shows an increase in hepatitis B infection.