Spirometric Abnormalities AmongPatients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2/ Erbil City

Abstract

Background: Chronic diabetic hyperglycemia is linked to persistent damage, dysfunction, and failure of multiple organs, particularly the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, lungs, and blood vessels. Pulmonary problems in diabetes result from the thickening of alveolar walls, alveolar capillaries, and pulmonary arterioles, leading to pulmonary dysfunction. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of spirometric abnormalities among patient with type 2 DM and also to determine the correlation of HbA1c with spirometry results in type 2 DM patients.

Methods: The current study included 100 type 2 diabetic patients. Full personal history recording and data related to diabetic status were recorded. Full general and systemic examination followed by pulmonary function tests were performed.

Results: In the included diabetic patients, mean FVC was decreased in 59% of patients, mean FEV1 was decreased in 53% of patients, mean FEV1/FVC ratio was decreased in 28% of patients. In addition, mean PEFR was decreased in 66% of patients and mean partial oxygen saturation percentage was 96.32 ± 1.8 %, 19% of patients had decreased SpO2.

Conclusion: This study reflected the significant negative effect of hyperglycemia upon pulmonary functions. Diabetic hyperglycemia contributes to a restrictive pattern of lung dysfunction that could be mediated by vascular, inflammatory, and metabolic pathways