The prevalence of Plesiomonasshigelloids among hospitalized and out-clinic diarrheal patients and the role of the aquarium as a source of infection

Abstract

Background: Plesiomonas shigelloids a new member of the terobacteriaceae family is regards an emerging enteric pathogen, it is a water and soil organism and has been isolated from fresh water fish and many animals, and most isolates from humans have from stool cultures of patients with diarrhea.
Little is known about the prevalence of plesiomonas shigelloids infections in Salah Al-din city.
Furthermore this study design identification scheme for clinical laboratory to identify plesiomonas shigelloids. Study design and objectives: This study was performed to determine the prevalence of plesiomonas shigelloids in hospitalized (nosocomial) patients and out clinic patients that infected with
diarrhea in Tikrit Teaching Hospital, and out clinic centers during the period from May 2012 to the end April 2013. Also this study was performed the role of aquariums that spread in Salah Al-din city as a source of plesiomonas shigelloidsdiarrheal infection, by collecting water samples from these aquariums monthly in the same period of diarrheal cases collection.
Patients and water sampling: One hundred and ten diarrhea samples were collected, 24 samples from TikritTeaching Hospital as a nosocomial diarrheal infection and 86 samples were collected from out clinic centers in Tikrit and other cities. Also water samples were collected from 29 aquariums that diffuse in Salah Al-din cities as monthly. Identification method: This study used simple and short identification scheme for clinical laboratory diagnosis, by culturing the samples in blood agar as a first culture and S.S agar as a selective culture, and used Grams stain, Hanging drop test, Oxidase test, Stirring test, and Inositol fermentation test as a microscopic and biochemical identification tests.
Results: generally plesiomonasshigelloidsdiarrheal infection revealed the prevalence of this bacteria of the total examined stool samples, from 110 diarrheal cases 44(40%) cases with P. shigelloidesand 66(60%) cases with other bacteria, 7(29%) nosocomial diarrheal infection, were regarded
with P. shigelloidesinfection, and37(43%) from out clinic diarrheal infection, were infected with Р. shigelloides, these positive results were identified in the end of spring and summer months more than other seasons. Also from 29 aquarium water samples were collected monthly from each aquarium,
showed variant results from month to another, but most of the aquarium water samples were positive in spring and summer months. The patient's results showed that the adults were the most infected with Р.shigelloidesthan children or infants. Investigation of antibiotic susceptibility was done for allplesiomonasshigelloidsisolates, the nosocomial diarrheal samples showed multidrug resistance to antibiotics than the out clinic and aquarium samples. Some of the virulence factors were determined in
this bacterium, like it is ability to produce some enzymes (DNase, lipase and lecithenase, urease. gelatinase) and to produce hemolysin toxin, the virulence factored results showed that the all isolates were produce lipase and hemolysin only.