Role of Vitamin D in treatment of children with Pneumonia under 5 years old in Salahaldeen Hospital

Abstract

Pneumonia is acute respiratory infection that affects the lungs. In which alveoli are filled with pus and fluid that make breathing painful and limits oxygen intake. The thesis concerned about study the Role of Vitamin D in the  treatment of children with Pneumonia under 5 years old , in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality in children having pneumonia. The management of acute childhood pneumonia includes antibiotics ,oxygen ,supportive therapy, and assisted ventilation (in severe cases), beside these treatment administration vitamin D during period of hospitalization and after discharge for 90 day in dose  400 iu in less than 1 years old and 600  iu in patient more than 1 year daily which is requirement dose .  Convenient sample hospital based selective study done on patient attend emergency department at Salah Aldeen Hospital complaining  from  shortness  breathing  during  the period from 1 st of January  to 1 st of April 2019. .The study included 200 cases age from birth- 5 years ,each patient included in the study were assessed by prepare questionnaire from parents include (name ,age ,sex, residence) ,and screening done for general and chest examination ,each patinet  where assessed by Acute Respiratory infection program ( ARI) program , and by Community  acquired pneumonia (CAP) score. The diagnosis  of  pneumonia  confirmed    by  CXR.    Total  number  of  cases    took  vitamin  D  100  cases  and placebo(olive oil ) 100 cases. While approved that duration of hospitalization and recurrence were less frequent in group who took vitamin D although it was statically not significant, and significant decrease in the duration of hospitalization among vitamin D group in regard to severity and there is no significant result in the recurrence of pneumonia in regard to severity in group took vitamin D every newborn baby must be supplement vitamin D in first day of life this will help to decrease the morbidity and mortality for acute respritory infection.