ChemiluminescenceMicroparticle Immunoassay in the Diagnosis of Hepatitis C Virus among Patients on Hemodialysis: A Comparative Study

Abstract

Background:The goal of the study was to assess the effectiveness of two screening procedures for the detection of anti-HCV in hemodialysis patients:  the  enzyme-linked  immunoassay  method  (ELISA)  and  the chemiluminescencemicroparticle immunoassay (CMIA).
Materials and Methods:The sera from 80 patients with renal failure (RF)  were  isolated  for  the  qualitative  determination  of  IgG  HCV- antibody. Each serum was tested by ELISA and CMIA. 
Results:The  positive  anti-HCV  Abs  were  from  (57.5%)  males,  and (42.5%) females aged>25 years. Hypertension was the most common cause (34/80) of RF, followed by kidney agenesis (12/80). Four systemic diseases were found to be closely related to RF, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, large doses of analgesia, and rheumatoid arthritis. The gender differences revealed the contribution of all causes among males, while four causes were not recorded in females: rheumatoid arthritis, nephrotic syndrome, and IgA nephropathy. Complications were more prevalent in males (90%) as hypertension alone (52.5%) or hypertension and diabetes mellitus (31.25%). There were no statistically significant differences  between the two techniques, and only two samples  were false-positive by ELISA. 
Conclusion:Improving the  screening  method  for  HCV  infection  by using at least two serological tests is exceedingly suggested to restrict the spread of such viral infection among patients on hemodialysis and to prevent improper treatment or enhance the treatment for early diagnosis