Incidence of Thyroid Neoplasm in Postthyroidectomy Patient in Sala-Adeen Governate

Abstract

Background: Thyroid tumor is relatively rare tumor but it represent the most frequent  form  of  the  endocrine  gland  .Thyroid  neoplasm  either  benign  or malignant. Benign is follicular adenoma. Thyroid cancer is one of the cancers that becoming a leading cause of death in many countries of the world. Objectives: The study aims to determine the frequency of thyroid neoplasm in  post  thyroidectomy    patients  and  to  determine  the  most  common  type  of thyroid carcinoma and its percentage in Sala Adeen.
Materials and methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out in TTH by referring to all records of patients data of one year(January 2012- January 2013).All patients who underwent different types of thyroid surgeries during this period were included in the study. All data including age, gender,  relevant  investigations  like  Ultrasonography,  fine  needle  aspiration cytology, and final histopathology report were recorded on a standard form.
Results :( 272) patients were operated for different thyroid lesions. Twenty one (7.7%) were malignant (17 females and 4 males)and 91 were benign. Mean age for  males  was  41.35  ±  15.52  years  compared  to  36.59  ±  13.28  years for females. Papillary carcinoma constituted 17(80%), while follicular carcinoma formed only 9.5 % of malignant case. Medullary thyroid carcinoma ranked third with only 4.7%.while anaplastic thyroid carcinoma was 4.7% of the cases
.SNG was 127 patients, 11 case were malignant and MNG were112 case 9 cases were malignant. Papillary carcinoma was the commonest type which was observed in MNG in our study (80%).
Conclusions: The results of this study are consistent with many international studies. The prevalence of thyroid cancer is not high when we compared with other region in the world, and the most common types of thyroid carcinoma were papillary thyroid carcinoma. The present study concludes also the thyroid carcinoma is more common in middle age females. Also the results indicate that the risk of malignancy in multi-nodular goiter is not as low as it was thought before and that it is quite significant.