The role of interleukin-1 beta and NF-κB as inflammatory factors in bacterial otitis externa

Abstract

Background:  Otitis  externa  is  one  of  the  more  common  diseases  in otorhinolaryngological practice and is also fre quently encountered in primary and pediatric care. It ranges in severity from a mild infection of the external audi tory canal to life-threatening malignant otitis externa.The aim of study is to provide fresh light on the population suffering from otitis externa  and the relationship between Nuclear factor kappa B and IL-1 β with P. aeruginosa infection.
Material and method: From total patients (50) were taken two types of samples for each patient, the first included cotton swab, the second sample included  five milliliters of venous blood sample, collected from Primary health care sector in balad , Balad General Hospital and private laboratory in Balad City Under the supervision of a specialist doctor. The patients who attending during (2024). Patients were interviewed directly by using an anonymous questionnaire form which included (age and sex). 
Results: The current study includes 67 samples, Otitis externa = 50 , and Control = 17 . The research found that gastric patients were 41 (82%) gave positive result while the 9 (18%) were gave negative result for detecting P. aeruginosa by routine test ( cultural and biochemiacal identification ) and Vitek 2 system. In addition, this research found that the concentration of Nuclear factor kappa B and IL-1 β in P. aeruginosa infected patients increase significantly(P< 0.05)  than healthy control. Higher levels of NF-κB and IL-1β have been detected in otitis externa patients. NF-κB beginning contributes to the creation of IL-1β, aggravating inflammation. 
Conclusion: NF-KB and IL-1Beta are cytokines that production important role in the immune system, as well as the rule of immune responses in contradiction of bacterial pathogens.